{"id":102,"date":"2020-04-23T21:41:40","date_gmt":"2020-04-23T20:41:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/?post_type=history&#038;p=102"},"modified":"2022-03-29T11:02:53","modified_gmt":"2022-03-29T10:02:53","slug":"sephardi-heritage","status":"publish","type":"history","link":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-heritage\/","title":{"rendered":"Sephardi Iberian Heritage"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;top&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1593529990889{background-image: url(https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/IMG_0746-e1592819331981.jpeg?id=350) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1594834462540{background-color: rgba(135,84,9,0.76) !important;*background-color: rgb(135,84,9) !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text]Jews lived on the Iberian peninsula (modern Spain and Portugal) from Roman times. But with each successive change of leadership \u2013 from Visigoths to Catholics to Muslim Moors and back to Catholics \u2013 came instability and worse: murders, massacres and, finally, expulsion.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-iberian-heritage-more\/\">Read more&#8230;.<\/a><\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1612201569408{margin-bottom: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-102-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Garment.0307sesx_mixdown.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Garment.0307sesx_mixdown.mp3\">https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Garment.0307sesx_mixdown.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p>I have a Garment[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"ult_exp_section_layer ult-adjust-bottom-margin  \" >\r\n\t<div id=\"uvc-exp-wrap-5170\"   data-ultimate-target='#uvc-exp-wrap-5170'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:20px;\",\"line-height\":\"desktop:20px;\"}'  class=\"ult_exp_section  ult-responsive \" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.01);text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal;margin:0px;padding:0px;text-align:left;\" data-textcolor=\"#ffffff\"data-texthover=\"#dd9933\"data-icncolor=\"#333333\"data-ihover=\"#333333\"data-height=\"0\"data-cntbg=\"rgba(0,0,0,0.01)\"data-cnthvrbg=\"rgba(0,0,0,0.01)\"data-headerbg=\"rgba(0,0,0,0.01)\"data-headerhover=\"rgba(0,0,0,0.01)\"data-title=\"by Abraham Ben Ezra\"data-newtitle=\"by Abraham Ben Ezra\"data-icon=\"none\"data-newicon=\"none\"data-activeicon=\"#333333\"data-effect=\"slideToggle\"data-override=\"0\"data-activetitle=\"#dd9933\"data-activebg=\"rgba(221,153,51,0.01)\"data-img=\"\"data-newimg=\"\"><div  class=\"ult_exp_section-main \">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ult_expheader\" >by Abraham Ben Ezra\r\n\t\t\t\t\t <\/div><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"ult_exp_content \" style=\"background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.01);  \"><div class=\"ult_ecpsub_cont\" style=\" \" >[vc_column_text]<b>Abraham Ben Ezra<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (also known as Abraham Ibn Ezra, Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra, Abenezra or simply Ibn Ezra), c.1089-c.1167, was one of the most distinguished Jewish Biblical commentators and philosophers of the Middle Ages. He was born in Tudela in northern Spain. In his poem <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I Have a Garment<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Ibn Ezra creates what could be seen as an emblem of his life and work, by contrasting the value of a spiritual life with his own lack of material wealth. Ibn Ezra was a renowned polymath, writing more than 100 books on subjects such as mathematics, astronomy and philosophy. He was one of the best known and most admired Jewish figures in the West, acclaimed for his pioneering efforts in introducing the \u2018mathematics of the Arabs\u2019 to the Europeans. He also endeavoured to bring the culture of the Spanish Jews to those living in Italy, France and England, and he is said to be largely responsible for the schools of poetry that later began to flourish in Italy and Provence.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>[vc_column_text]<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/I-Have-a-Garment.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read I Have a Garment<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-102-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/wav\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Maimonides-final_mixdown.wav?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Maimonides-final_mixdown.wav\">https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Maimonides-final_mixdown.wav<\/a><\/audio>\n<p>Thoughts for the Perplexed<br \/>\nby Maimonides<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/FROM-MAIMONIDES-Thoughts-for-the-Perplexed.pdf\">Read Thoughts for the Perplexed by Maimonides\u00a0<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-102-3\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Spinoza-democracy-Ronen-mix.mp3?_=3\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Spinoza-democracy-Ronen-mix.mp3\">https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Spinoza-democracy-Ronen-mix.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p>Baruch Spinoza on Democracy<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Baruch-Spinoza-on-Democracy.pdf\">Read Baruch Spinoza on Democracy<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1594834478772{background-color: rgba(140,142,32,0.7) !important;*background-color: rgb(140,142,32) !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Sephardi Iberian Heritage:<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-102-4\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Spharadi-Ibirian-Heritage-30.6-Davd-R-RK.mp3?_=4\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Spharadi-Ibirian-Heritage-30.6-Davd-R-RK.mp3\">https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Spharadi-Ibirian-Heritage-30.6-Davd-R-RK.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p><img data-attachment-id=\"649\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-heritage\/tile-broche\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/tile-broche.png?fit=473%2C408&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"473,408\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"tile broche\" data-image-description=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/tile-broche.png?fit=300%2C259&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/tile-broche.png?fit=473%2C408&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-649\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/tile-broche.png?resize=473%2C408&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"473\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/tile-broche.png?w=473&amp;ssl=1 473w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/tile-broche.png?resize=300%2C259&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 473px) 100vw, 473px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;top&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1593529990889{background-image: url(https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/IMG_0746-e1592819331981.jpeg?id=350) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1594834462540{background-color: rgba(135,84,9,0.76) !important;*background-color: rgb(135,84,9) !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text]Jews lived on the Iberian peninsula (modern Spain and Portugal) from Roman times. But with each successive change of leadership \u2013 from Visigoths to Catholics to Muslim Moors and back to Catholics \u2013 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":588,"template":"","tags":[],"historycategory":[3,9],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v14.4.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Sephardi Iberian Heritage - One Lost Stone<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"googlebot\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"bingbot\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-heritage\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sephardi Iberian Heritage - One Lost Stone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;top&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1593529990889{background-image: url(https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/IMG_0746-e1592819331981.jpeg?id=350) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1594834462540{background-color: rgba(135,84,9,0.76) !important;*background-color: rgb(135,84,9) !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text]Jews lived on the Iberian peninsula (modern Spain and Portugal) from Roman times. But with each successive change of leadership \u2013 from Visigoths to Catholics to Muslim Moors and back to Catholics \u2013 [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-heritage\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"One Lost Stone\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-03-29T10:02:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/IMG_0746.jpeg?fit=1449%2C1441&#038;ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1449\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1441\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/#organization\",\"name\":\"One Lost Stone\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/\",\"sameAs\":[],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/#logo\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Slide8-blues-crop.jpg?fit=671%2C669&ssl=1\",\"width\":671,\"height\":669,\"caption\":\"One Lost Stone\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/#logo\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/\",\"name\":\"One Lost Stone\",\"description\":\"Discovering and Documenting England\\u2019s Lost Jews\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-heritage\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/IMG_0746.jpeg?fit=1449%2C1441&ssl=1\",\"width\":1449,\"height\":1441},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-heritage\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-heritage\/\",\"name\":\"Sephardi Iberian Heritage - One Lost Stone\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-heritage\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-04-23T20:41:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-03-29T10:02:53+00:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/history\/sephardi-heritage\/\"]}]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/history\/102"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/history"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/history"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/history\/102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1234,"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/history\/102\/revisions\/1234"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102"},{"taxonomy":"historycategory","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lostjews.org.uk\/oneloststone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/historycategory?post=102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}